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Ordinance 92-1076WHEREAS, he City Commission of the City of Longwood supports the Historic District -Ni, Guidelines for use by the public and the Historic Commission, as recommended by the Historic GOmm,seion, and WHEREAS, tIC, character and appearance of the Hi—Ii. District should be enhanced and protected; COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF LONGWOOD, FLORIDA, AS FOLLOWS: APPENDIX A of City Code Section 504.4.1 heading is amended t0 add the word "General." The entire heading Of Section 504.4.I is now amended to read "504.4.I: ,G„Glyera;. Historic District Design Standards and Requirements." The remainder of section 504.4.I sha11 1emai0 in fu 11 force and effect. SECTION 2: APPENDIX A of the City Code is amended to create a new Section 504.4.J to be —itl— "SECTION 5-4— HI TIRIC DISTRICT DESIGN GUIDE SECTION 3: The attached EXHIBIT A -- HISTORIC DISTRICT DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR LONGWOOD, FLORIDA is hereby adopted and made part of this ordinance by reference thereto in the newly created Section SECTION 4: The NINEOZ is Commission shall use the regulations contained 1N bath Sections 504.4.I and 504.4.J during their evaluation of proposed projects withiN the City of Longwood SECTION 9 All ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict with any of the provisions of this ordinance are hereby repealed. SECTION 6: If any section or portion of a section of this ordinance proves to be invalid, unlawful or unconstitutional, t shall not be held to invalidate or impair the validity, force or effect any other section or part of this Drdi. nonce. EIRST READING199� SECOND READING EASSED AND ADO .Al 4 OF '11Yi i1 , A.D. 3992 EAI�R ^ FIONIP`- Approved a o form a d legality for the use and reliance of the City of Longwood, Flori only. Zi J-Q AT'I'ORN&Y, CIT OF LONGWOOD, FLOAIDA HISTORIC DISTRICT DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR LONGWOOD FLORIDA il!TG & PROVOST HISTORIC DISTRICT DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR LONGWOOD FLORIDA WILDING & PROVOST TABLE OF CONTENTS IC—W NO ROD ND PIIAPOSE I UCTION 3 NEW CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES SITE DESIGN GUIDELINE ELEMENTS Setbacks n mg cing wage king Strecic and Paving Ligl�h n Spam BUILDING DESIGN GUIDELINE ELEMENTS icight ns Of Facade ropordoa¢Of Openingsln Fncatles IthytM1m 0l Solids To Voids InffiFacades (lull dings On Stteet Rhyinc 0[ Ennanrns dnn O(Canopig unship Of Materials onsiup O(Texrnra Of Color Off Fron nal E pfion Of resst E.Icvatian Deter Is/Drcoration RENOVATION GUIDELINES Secrct.ry o(nc� Interior's Guidelines smnaan n DESIGN REVIEW w co- ion cn�kiut aeno.,annn ankrar ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This publicafion has been financed in part with Nstoric preservation grant assistance pro- vided by the National Park Service, U. S. Department of the Interior, administered Nuough the Bureau of Historic Preservation, Florida Department of State, assisted by the Historic Preservation Advisory Council. However, the contents and opw., do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions (of the Department of the Interior or) the Florida Department of State, nor does the mention of trade dal products constitute endorsement or recommendation by (the Depart- ment of Ne ]nterior or) the Florida Department of State. This program es Federal Cmanaal assistance for identification and pro n of hisroric properties. UnderrTitle VI of the G'vil Rights Act of 1964 and Section 504 of the Rehabili[a Non Act of 1973, the U. S. Department Interior prohibits nadiscrimuon Ne bof race, color, l origin, or handicap in its federally as is[ed progra s nfl you believe asis you have been d sc aced against m any program, acdvitys or facility as described above, or if you desire furthe v�EormaRon, please write to: Office for Equal Opp—ly, U. S. Department of Ne Interior, Washington, D. C..— LONGWOOD HISTORIC DISTRICT n 1 J No POPt7 � 4yD°�n OG�LS�P oo C5ti fr''L� €sP � �Oi D � C] 'L'�£9 i� y LS �-Llwl NIT o ❑ `bye i �o N PREFACE The L.IlyII.Id HiIwdl District includes two different areas, ---bil area a resi- dentialarea. In tivs context commercial refers to any use other than residentlal. lIthe early d., the --1 and —id—dIl ti— If Longwood were more clearly dIfbI,i than they I. today. The --ba.l area in the late included the ba,[Lbp along C. R. 427 b—Lurch — AI -II Ibd W—m A,—, the buildings Immd ft in—fi- If C. IL 427 and Church Avenue, and the buildings along Warren Avenue a block east and west o£ C. R 922. Wanes Avenue was the primary commeraal street and C. R 4D was dre ry street The ',C.R. ,,b—ght automobile and the primary —II:4l area shifted 427. More recently, p—i—ly —id—lbil structures tothe -It have been converted I, use. Today ffie -Ii.—Il It- ub1lbdII all p,,p,,tb,I 1,Ig C. K 427 and Street and most p-p,,li� 1,.g it .. Warren -- It— C. R. 427 and Mil— Street. 'Ihe I'dii—I style If the historic --bdI1 bbiltilb, is quit, different from the historic —id—lb" bblkli,,fI. Fit, the purposes If these guidelines it is the use f., which the historic building —Ioriginally ----— d that If primary importance. The I-Il use of tthbuildingbding , - today, is If I,ty Ibimportance. Consequently, when building is referred to in these guidelines as being in . --dM ... it I= Z that the building was fly located i. the --dtil It. d designed and used fit, 6.1 purposes. Buildings originally used asresidences arerefereed w it, these guidelines I being 1—bid in I residential area, regardless If their use today. The mt— If the,, guidelines i, to maintain the b6guiII arrhtecNral style and di— - of the specific I— If I Dia�il, either--ml ., —id-bIl. T. I-1 — f the biiil,ilIg is If bill, �pltti— if it il compatible withtlre --, building and Ill— the b'Edixig I ofigirIl arrlvtectucal daractee I, GOALS AND PURPOSE A historic district is I V-1 area that has le'I ,bb't'h,d by boundaries and .,din—,d by the City. ]usual-l-the—h.-t-1, Id , it is, 1, —11asfb,what it— b,. R,—I h,, an established d,—c- that identifies it as —q., from oNer I —I The L—,,..d lb-,k District will change. New s—l—, will be added and existing I-1— ill b, modified. Them are existing sites Ilibin the District11 iI mItIbl, that proposals f., new li-Il.p—i will be Ib.ill,d to the Historic -- fi— C--Iilb for —i— 11 —i— If a proposed new development is often more —pl-= the review of . .p— If II hi,b-k building. The primary rn in reviewing renovation proposals is the protection of existing ltist c ele- .—I If the hr the is —P.Ilbil- it, with - -,tm, hi—,i, b,iil—,, This bolding was .— d w Ne 19&Is, although ib designsvggects that itwazm�wctetl in the iwl. New buildinpsshould nol mpy Iustonolstylus Wt should samk fo compliment fhe historiml buildings wiN compatible contempomrydesign. New development in the District shall respect and iIi f e the existing character of the area. The purpose of Nese guidelines is w identify the chafacter-giving elements of Longwood', Dis , so that new development will eMance that character. These guidelines are intended to provide the Ifistoric Commission, the City Commission, and private developers wiN speci[i< wols to evaluate proposed designs so that new development and renovation will be sensnve and compatible to the Historic District and the historic buildings. Photographs of existing buildings in Longwood love been used to illustrate these guidelines. The intent is that the user of Nese guidelines can identify with familiar examples of the elements discussed and more specifically relate them w Downtown Longwood. Examples of both desirable and imde—ble strudwes have been included. In no way is the use of spea5c buildings intended I, reFlect negatively on any group or individual. INTRODUCTION The construction of new srtucbues shalt enbance the existing character of the District. New s should fit ines to the tabliatterns shed p, rhythman s d context of the District. It sh.Wd to so without copying the existing buildings. The creation of a pseudo Victorian village, which never existed, is not the intent of these guidelines. The intent is to identify and define Ne data s of the District so slut the design of new construction will be compat- ible with, but nItta copy of the existing buildings. New buildings which create the impression that dlq are old coWuse the public, detract from the authentic historic buildings, compromise the integrity of both old and new buildings and diminish the unique character of the District Although primarily a product of the late 1—, the buildings in the District span a period of ne hundred years. The District's IbI a er fi partly established by dos diversity. The dor- m of hiemrical periods not a single period of history frozen in time. Each buildig s n naproduct of its own time and should reflect its place N the history of Longwood. The District should be a <..bt.btg display of history. Today', new construction is tomorrow'. historic building. New corutruc[ion in the District can occur in two ways, a new building consw d on a previously vacant lot or a new building coruwetild to replace a previously existing building. The c n If, w building on a prev .sly va nt lot or open space has an obligation beyond that of replacement buildings. It should rmmy conform to all the guidelines of replacement buildings, but it also should conslder the fad Nat it will be occupying a previ- usly open space. Open space is an important characteristic of the District and will be dis- cussed in greater detail in the following guidelines. The guidelines ace divided into two parts. The first part deals wiN new construction. Part is presented in the form of a list of elements which rogeNer make up the established character of Ne District The elements are divided into site elements and building elemenm The elements ar troduced with a definition, followed by a specific application to Longwood and ending wiN specifi<recommendatioru. The second part deals with the ­I of existing buildings. Part two is presnted m the form of a list d elements or building parts. TogeNer, lb_ parts form the character of a building and determine its style. NEW CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES SITE DESIGN GUIDELINE ELEMENTS Odentasinn Setbacks Spacing Coverage Parking Sheets and Paving Signs Fences Lighting Open Sp — Land —plug BUILDING DESIGN GUIDELINE ELEMENTS Seale Height Mass Proportions Of Facade Proportions Of Openings In Facades Rhythm Of Solids To Voids In Facades Rhythm Of Buildings On Street Rhythm Of Entrances Rhythm Of Canopies Relationship Of Materials Relationship Of Texture Relationship Of Color Rehfiortship Of Roof Shapes Directional Expression Of Frnnt Elevation DetaildDecoration New coutruction shoud roc gum itsback on or ignoreadpcentstreetras does tlsebuildingshown above. Buildings which occupy comerlots should addrss hofA stree6 as dons the lienek-"tinker wilding. SITE DESIGN GUIDELINE ELEMENTS Orientation Building Iti—filn is the direction that the plitttipli f—d—1 facades of. building face. The procalU building entrance is wwfly .n the face 11 pti dpll facade of the building. The lain is therefore, —11Y facing the ldjll- street. Most of the historic buildings in the District oriented toward the dj.— or --lt street. The ofty exception i, the Longwood H.WI which — its sides to the adjacent lbl- and f— th,, open 1p... N the — and County Road 427 beyond. This orientation k,,d, gt,,t,, itlxp—t— to the open space and acknowledges C. R. 427 as the pliln,t, traffic Orientation of new l--es should be toward tI,, ldil— lb-. Building liwhich - ,dpitt two or more — have , tmiql, obligation S— tblt occupy these sites lh..Id atd--I,dg, ., address all adjacent streets. G-- llplltlis can be placed .. one of the facades, but adjacent — should not be i,.-I by new construction. New construction that is oriented t.,ltd the uttld,r of its site or an alley is Setbacks A setback i, th, dil.— from l r¢rerence p-1 that a l-l— is "setback' from or 1—ld ,.,y from The reference point is usually the property line and the budding has l leb,t& from ail P'.pltly W- ft, the cl—ld,d area, there is usually htd, or no setback ft.- the property ht,e adjacent t. the =� ,, the "front" property line. This d N. true of the "side" setbacks where buildings ly built ' with their walls A— side ,—g. The "real' setback varies according toethe I., and building depth M the residential —. th, setbacks are much I,, —ilt— Front -bl&l usually follow the neighboring I,W'ditb,s and often split the difference when there l, a variation between adjacent neighbors. Sid, and —, setbacks also —y. TM -- required -bltJl are part of the City Z—g R,,g.1lti.— Sid, setbacks ct--, the mini— building spacing. Sp -mg is the -- of -id or V— bli—l. buildings. The most visible or apparent spacing is lid, w side. The spl ng bt,w— - — of buildings is usually not visible from the street and th,,f—, L, of less uttp-lnce than the space b—,,— the sides. WithJ,, ffi, —idfi,tl of the District, there is considerable 1p..e between many of the buildings.Frequently, space a building I.t. — usually —were a house litr P—g — shoved not b, in the font ya ., — the — gaud the — N." — .—w b, I-- or pie --, mft —i—, — twolots with a Mw . setback on one side and the remainder of the two ION on the other side. These relatively 11,g, spaces between the houses am unusual N mature residential areas but are a distinctive rharaclerisbc of The Longwood Historic District. N the co —d, l area, the typical spacing between buildings is much less. Along C. R. 427, Nere is usually no space between the buildings. The facades of the comme 1 buildings in ties area form a wall of continuous buildings which is typical of commercal areas. Since the typical spacing between buildings varies greatly between the commembd and resi- dential areas of the Disbict, the spacing of the immediate neighboring buildings sbould be mai-ined New development shoud continue the existing building sparing of the area of the District in whidi it occurs. Along C. R. 427, buildings which break the wall of facades or provide voids r spaces are discouraged. . the residential area, buildings which fill the typical space between the buildings are discouraged. Cov rage The site coverage of a building is Ne amount of site or land area covered by the building. Covecage is Erequendy described as a percentage of building area to site area. A building that rs as large as or covers its enbre site is said to I— one hundred percent it, cov rage. Most of the buildings in Ne residendai area of the District cover less Nan W percent of their lot Site coverage of Ne commeroal buildings is typically greater Nan W percent. Sire rage of new construction that is similar to Ne surrounding propertieand compatible wiN Ne specific aa of the District is encouraged Tiffs will commie Neestablished char- acter of the Disnt ic Parking Parking refers to Ne temporary storage of automobiles. Origirully Ne District was not conremed wiN providing parking since Ne automobile did sage until s e thirty yea after Ne tial developme of Longwood NToday, almos veryone drive mobile Consequently, Nere is a great demand Eor parking. Yarking is typically available on site within Ne District. Parking for new coeutruction shoud be provided on site. Within the commercial area pxridng should be located behind Ne buildings out of view from the sneer Parlcing.witrdn the msidenbal area should be located on the open spnce between and behind the buildings. The character of fe District was e,Nbhshed by Ol-, m the Human scale not the sale mof Me au tomnbile. Cmssequently, parking should be screened from view as uch as possible and designed k mimimiu its impact on Ne District I S— rkghllwags provide important vistas and s —remain if not physically, — ],,, ,-- b— paving shown — provides d—g¢h,— Yale tia the P—mg Streets and Paving The street pattern of inngwood was origbully established and remains today as a north/ ouch and east/west. grid. The street pattern conMbutes significantly to the character of the District and shoud be maintained. New coristructlon shoWd not be allowed w permanently dose streets foc a building l... If a streetis closed to automobile traffic, the new buildings should be ..opibd b from t-Q !hing into the former street right of way and the open space Eozmedy occupied by the street shoud be zetained. The original meet paving material was sand followed by clay and today is typically asphalt (except fm Bay and Pine Streets). Sand and clay at. not sWMbl, materials foc tod.} a - mobil, Brick, interlocking blocks and ofer modular paving not ordy provides a suitable surface foc the automobile but it also provides a more. scale than asphalt. Asphalt and -lift, surfaces, high whir, prom to speed haffic, because .fits smooth surface. M.dularpaving isasur(ace made ofmany small uruts each with its own duca such as day and co to bricks or paving blocks. It is not as smooth n monolithic paving and therefore slows avtomobJe traffic. ModWar paving is recommended for the Historic District because it addresses the human scale and not the automobile. sign:amarhea fo the building,svch as .1fneba veme porrhenfrzaeand the one over thefronl secoM floor window, are not appropria,e torbuilding in the residential auras. y. n , k Siyn,s auech�,o conimc.rcial W ildingsare appmprLi,e P,asig,w on tnc front anA sdrsof ifLL building aW veamnppmprla,clyseea nntl loeiial. Signs For the pwposes of these guidelines, s sign is a device that symbolicatty idenbFes the occu pant, use oc provides some other u , modon related to a bngding or site. It is intended that these gwdelines adopt thgn e existing siregulations of III, City where possible, while address- ing the specific aM speual needs of the District. With few excepdons, from the early days of sebfement until the present, only signs attached to the building Issue been used in the comet—1 area. Roof signs have no Nstorical precedent to the District. The design, constriction and placement of signs on the building shoved be ompatible with co «ie construction. Most historic and many n cial build- ings provide appropriate locations for signs on the primary facade. New building facades shoWd Z.& an area where a sign or signs fit within the overall facade design and appear as part of the design - Temporary signs should be just that and shoved be located on o building so that it detracts from the building's dtaxacter as lltde os possible. Freestanding signs are strongly encouraged in the residential area. They should be no more than six feet in total height above ground. Tneir design and construction should be compat- ible with the wooden houses. Public safety, dixecting and memorial or d—fcrection signs axe encouraged and shoved be designed and located to be compatible and harmonious with the District. Fences Fences are barriers that enclose open areas. Since development patterns within commercial areas typicaby Incorporate maximum site erage, leaving little or no open space, fences ace not a common element N downtown cial areas. TNs is true of most commercial areas and is one of the elements that di dngwshes or cluracte—s urban areas fmm sobnrb,n areas. Within widen W areas fences are much more common and appropriate. Flistoricatly, wood and wrought iron were common fencing materials. Mzsoruy fences or walls have no histori- cal precedent in the Unit— d District. Fspeoally when used m conjunction with o wood structure, concrete block, brick and other masonry fences or walls are Inappropriate. The use of fences is discouraged within the commercial areas of the Disrcict except to provide for public safety. W— fertces are appropriate, they should be constructed of materials that I,.. historically used, such as wood. The use of new or modern mztexiaLs that were not used historiczlly is discomaged. Chain link fencing pro sot. Modem high intensity light fixtures, such as th-to fhe lef[of thewiMow aboveare rot approprute for residential structures. Lighting Lighting W thus context refers to attifioal light on the extenot of the building and the site, mctndmg parking areas and street lighting. Electric lighting was not in common use in Longwood wtil after the earn of the century. Consequently, electric lighting did not originally exist in many of the historic buildings. Care should be taken when exterior lighting is included in the renovation of a historic building or e. The type of fixt— should be as compatible as possible with the period of history that electrical lighting was origimOly installed. The earliest fixtures were probably a bare bulb in imple industrial type fixture. Fixtures predating the o6gl l installation of electrical sup- ply W tte building should be avoided. Carriage lamps and gas lights are examples of ir p- pxopriate fixtures - The desired light level or amount of light is greater Way, particularity W commercial devel- opment, tvn it was irr the past wlthough ucunty C a concern, care should be taken 1 not over tight or flood the site with tight. This is especially true in the residential areas. Open Space Open spar is land without buildings o aerates. The Longwood historic District owes much of its character to the exi—, of open space. In the commercial area of the District, the open space cysts primarily behind the buildings to the r o£ the lots. Here not W—Aly visible as to the public, open spar whhln the cial is not nearly as important in resi dential idential area. The one notable ep exc- methe area open space between tte Longwood Hotel and Cowty Road 427. TNs space has hisroricatty been open, allowing a clear view of the Hotel and reinforcing the importance of the Hotel It is extremely import tit that this space r—i open and free of straclures to ma�ntam the en ling rhamcter aF tre District. Open space within the residential area occurs behind, in front of and especially to the sides of dre existing buildings. Highly visible, this open space is exhemely important in establish- ing the character if this portion of the District. New development should incorporate open space into its design The location and size of the open space.sh,tWd be compatble with that of the ---ding sites and the area of the District 111 which it 11 located. Landscaping Landscaping is the introduction of plant materials into open areas of a sire. The original settlers of Longwood were not faced with the need for Iandscaping, but the oval of Ne evsting pine and palmetto snub to provide space for development friidally, little c as given to [he mn duction of plants £or decorative purposes due to the need o clear rather flan introduce vegetation M Longwood grew and developed, oak trees were toduced along streets and m the yards of the houses. These trees have grown into Ne impressive green canopy shading many steel dghtuf-ways and contributing significantly to the cfumcter of the Distic[. This tee canopy must be maintained and nurtured w the District. There any en ental and aesthefic benefits of landscaping, 16 in .I. the design of new development e,ances the visual appeal and helps establish the building as part of the natural landscape. U=nping is encouraged where appropriate. Native plants should be used wherever possible. with the surroundingltistonc reidenaal bu mgs but the BUILDING DESIGN GUIDELINE ELEMENTS ME Scale is Ne relaior ip of a snunure's relative mass. It is also the ref—,bip of a buiding', parts or components compared with the entire building and the surrounding buildings. The key word is relationship. For uto have cal, it must be compared or related to mething else. Although Ne saleof aebu lding s usually rebated to other buildings, WB- -ly the scale of anything is reht,d to the human body. It is a building's height and mass related to the building's Burro &,p that determines the building's scale. A building may be m scale with its surromd p but the parts or components, doors, dows, canopies etc, may not be in scale with its suaowdings. For the risaracter of the DbI-t to be preserved, new structures as a whole and the structures components should all be in scale with its surroundings. The building scale is Longwood is primarily small and residentlal, wish a few exceptions. The Longwood Hotel is the major exception and has consequently been considered the center of W. eit as built. The Bradley -Mc t,,, Huse ois also larger Nan most of the other buildings it, the District and is also considered a landmark. Both Ne Hotel and the Bradley-Mclntyre house shoud set the upper limits of scale for the District. New larger tale structures w Wd diminish the pp—t h,,and imp — of these ling str s, thereby altering Ne predom scale of the DisttiL New - tures should respect and conform to Ne predominantb, .,It residential scale of the 1Tstnct. Fl eight Height is the vertical distance from the ground to Ne top of a structure. The primary concern of these guidelines is the apparent height of a structure. The relationship of the height of a new —ture to the height of the surrounding buildings greatly affects its apparent height. Since the intent of these guidelines is to maintain and enhance the existing character of the District, the height of new construction should be judged it, relation to the surrounding buildings. No existing historic building should be dwarfed by new coretruction. This is prncularly true If landmark buildings such as the Longwood Hotel. The commercial properties along Ne east side of County Road 427can be allowed more height Nan new buildirgs in the residential area and the area immediately surrounding the Hotel. in these areas the height of new construction should not exceed the neighboring buildings. H-1 is tbemost massive buJding in Ne M— New .-- should not appear Mass Mass is the size, bulk or visual weight of a building. The mass of a building is related to but not stri Hy dependent upon its height. It is the vertical and the horzontal dimensions in ombinadoo that determine a builduig's mass. A tall thin or narrow building will not appear or heavy, but needle -like and soaring. A low building continuing an ehb,, block or n appear quite massive. The building's materials, details and fenestration iMuence A building with tmbroken walls of brick or stone with no detail or fines boo appears heavy w massive. Breal th, a surface into smaller parts focuses attendon away from the larger whole and to the small parts, usually diminishing it mass. Due to Me combination of its height, reladve scale and its simple rectangular shape, the Longwood Hotel is by far the most massive historic building hi the District. New construction should not be as massive as the Hotel, but should appear to have the same mass or size as the typical suigle family one or two story residence. Proportions Of Facade The proportions of the [acade of a building are the relationship of its height to its width. A sorry building occupying a half dry block or more will be considered a tong low building. A building ten stories or more in height and only fifty halt wide, will appear tall and slender. The proportions of a building relate to the apparent mass of the building. "['he typial historic bonding to the District is approximately as wide as it Is all cesolti ng In n equally proportioned facade. Most of the remauwg buildings are wider than they are tall exulting horizontal proportions. Both configonti-a decrease the apparent height of the building. The Bradley -McIntyre House is an exception. Although approximately as wide as s tall, the facade is broken into tall narrow parts that emphasize its height. The Longwood hotel is approximately as tall as the Bradley -McIntyre House hot because it is wider than it �s tall, Its proportions emphasize the horizontal and decrease its xpprent height. New c nstruction should gin rally continue the predominate horizontal or equal propor tions of the typical historical building. Exceptions can be allowed but careful consideration should be given to the relationship to the surrounding structures so than they are not dwarfed i r overpowered by the new building. Proportions Of Openings In Facades The width it, relation to the height of the entrances, doors and windows in a building's facade determine the proportions of the openings. 'rh' proportions of openings in the facade of a building greatly contribute to the aof the buildi pparent scale ng. Almost —.t exception, the openings in - historical buildings are tatter than they are wide. These tall or e v 'ally proportioned openings tend ro balance rt the d or horizontal proportionsofrthe facades and increase the apparent heightof the buildings. The existing rhythm ofbwldings on the wolf sideof Warren Avenue between C. K 427 and Wilma Srceet is shown aMve. The has been aexisting dded. rhythm is basiglly maintained w the aWve drawing even though anew bwlding. r. «—"��1�)�rv1W : a..:;% � ,E IJ �-I: , ®vfL�"✓�.3`�1 1 .�, ._..._ llte rhythm is drasedly apesed m the above drawing by Ne addition of four new buildings. The predominant vertically pr,Iall-d openings shoud be maintained in new construe• don to complement the established character of the District Rhythm Of Solids To Voids In Facades Rhythm is a regular pattern of alternating strong and weak elements, m this case solids to voids. A wall is usually a solid element windows and glass are usuaby voids. The typical residential fd-nc building has asymmetrical pattern of voids that make up no re than 20 percent of the facade. This low percentage of void to solid emphasizes the placement and pattern of the void, The facade is primarily a solid wall broken by windows or voids that form a distinct pattern chat helps e-bh,h the character of the building. Multi -story commercial historic buildings usually have a rhythm similar to the residential buildings on their upper Floors. The ground floors are typified by large storefront windows alternating with ftun structural elements defining the by, or modules of the building. New construction should maintain the existing rhythm of the surrounding buildings Rhythm Of Buildings On Street Buildings on a street establish a rhythm W relation W the paces between them. This rhythm greatly contributes to the perceived density of the district [lrban commercial areas or "dowt—wally pert ved as densely developed areas. ld—&an residential —ally perceived as less densely developed or "suburban". This perceived density major element m determining the ebaractec of each type of area and ertablishufg fhelr difference, Longwood's Historic District has both types of areas and the apparent or perceived density is much different. Within the commercial area of the District aroo,d the intersection of Cormty Road 427 and Church Avenue [here are few spaces or voids between adjacent building, Coruequently 'here is no established rhytm hor pattern of buildings to spaces between f -, 'the predoml- 1 rhythm of solids to voids occurs between the continuous blocks of buildings and the spaces funned by intersecting streets. The existing rhythm of continuous buildngs without voids or spaces between them should not be broken by new developmeot in the commercial area_ Most of the District was originally developed for residential use. Although many uses of die buildings have changed to mmmecaal, o distinctly suburban residential character exists, fn fac1. m this part of the distnet the derraity seems even less than the normal suburban residan- tial area. The perception is that of an uncompleted subdivision where most houses have an empty lot between It and its neighbors. Canopies are typical on commeval bwltlings vd am strongly encoungM in new conswmon N the mmmerciat—of the Districr. This open space between buildings is a predominant element in the established ctaracter of d=e residential area and it is extremely important drat it be maintained. Allowing an increase n density due to new construction without loosing this character is a key issue facing Longwood in the fun�re. Rhythm Of Entrances Multiple entrances form a chythm in relationship to the walls M a building. Buildings with single entrances form a rhythm reI-d the neighboring buildings When there is a single entrance W a building, it wally located in the center of the principal facade. This is the case ost historic buildings in the District, whether commercal or residential. The entrance is often emphasized by a central raised parapet wall on commercial buildings and a gable roof end m houres. Generally, the rhythm of central entrances should be maintained by new structures. The rhythm of central entrances establishes an expectation of where a building is entered. U new s breaks this established pats m, by ating off center entrances, the public fican be c—d on and Ne building may seemeae out of puce. Rhythm Of Canopies Canopies or roof elements projecting from dre facade of a building are a common element on cial buildings. FlistoriWly the canopy was usually a continuous projection from building comer to bolding comer broken oNy between buildings. There was not so much a rhythm of altemztmg roof proj- as there was a continuum of projecting roof elements - Canopies serve to protect the buil,h g and the pedestrian fmm the elements and also provide z scale giving element to the facade. Due to historical precedent and functionality, the incorporation of continuous canopies into the design of new structures m dre commercial area is e,,—. ed. These new canopies should be constructed of permanent materials. Relationship Of Materials Material is the substance of which building parrs or components are made. Much of a building's or district's character Is established by its materials. Matertals can imply a sense o[ permanence, stability and quality or they can imply the opposite. W¢ also associate ores, commercial, residential, institutioml or industrial with certain materials. Brick and con —¢lock are the predominant materials in the wmmecaal area of the District. "R�ese and other unit mammy materials are...... ted with commercial s[metures. Wood is at¢d with, or def es a reslclm=tial riumcler. The use of masonry in residemial struc- n the District is usually —fim err to foundations and clvmneys. Wood is dre primary material in th¢ residential area. Thes ooth plain teemreof thesmtto on theb -1 shown above is appropriate m the �ommen'ial areas of the Dis bm is inappropriate m lh—d—n areas. New construcon tishould use materials similar to the predomnant materials of the neighbo,- ing buildings. The materiats oth should be appropriate to the area of the D' trict th wlbd, the building is located. Wood corrstrucdon is recommended in the residential a Maso u ended m the < re . oat aMaterials which imitate er mate- rials or appear w be sometly g they are not, are til—gld. Relationship Of Texture Texture is the pattern created by materials and components and their design n Ibe surfaces of a building. Groups of buildings impar or district This is especially true if the buildings a made up of similar or consistent elements. It is this overall texnrre of the Dishct Nat establishes its cFwracter. Texture is a predominant element in the residentlal area of the District. The various forms, patterns and slopes of wood cladding impart a rich texture to the houses and the area as a whole. Although not without texture, the comm —1 buildings ex bit a simpler mare subtile tex- t, Nan the hour s of the residential are . Consequently, texture in the commercial area is not as impmtant as in Ne residential areaa New coasavcdon in Ne residentlal area should maintain the. use of wood in it's many forms to imp" ong texture. Buildings N the mmmer<ial area can be simpler in texture and should be allowed more ladwde m their use of cexnue. Relationship Of i Relationship Of Roof Shapes The roof shape of a building is one of its primary character giving elements. The relat —1,p of a building's roof shape compared to the neighboring buildings <an determine how well Ne building will "fit in' or stand —l'. The pitched roofs, such as the one shown on the buJdinyy above, are a pprop�iate in the residential areas of the D�'stnct. I-listoric buildings in the commercial area of Me District typically have flat oc low sloped coots hidden behind parapet walls. Here, it is the absence of a visible roof, not the shape of the roof, the establishes the building's character. The houses in the residential area of the District are characterized by sloped roofs primarily of the gable type. The sloped roof is a primary element Nat distinguishes the residential structure from Ne commercial structure. Generally new structures should maintain Ne character—blished by the neighboring bNld- ings and reinforce the character of the speck area of the District. On buildings with steep pitched roofs Nat are visible from the street, materials with historic precedent, such as wood, metal and file are encouraged. Modern materials such as plastic, glass or fiberglass shingles are discouraged. in the commercal area the roof material is of little mportance, sm it is -many not visible. Directional Expression Of Front Elevation The o ith i di front facade f a build oing expresses rection eer horizontal, v ical ondicectional. The--gement of the components of a building primarily determines the directional expression of Ne facade. Although all th,m types of directional express t rn Ne District, the predominate type is horizontal and the secondary type is nond'¢ectiowl erical expression of Ne facade has been reserved for special buildings in prominent locations, surly as the Christ Episcopal Church. The facades of new buildings should usually have a horizontal or nondireceonal expression -Ness the spm fi,, site and the function of the building allows a vertical expression DetaiwD.... ,ii" Details are the derocative features that constitute the design of a bwldmg. They may be functional or nord-nctiorial, elaborate or plain, but they establish a fabric of decoration or embellishment. that helps establish a character for the building. The historic buildings in Ne Disi t, particularly the residential buildings have both fune- onal and not functional details. Although some buildings have more elaborate detailing or decoration Nan others, all exhibit some decortion. This establishes a riramcter for the build- ings and the District as well. To maintain if, character of the district, new structures should exhibit details of design which e appropriate to Ne materials and components used. New sructures that have components with little or no detailing and therefore present a plain Math. facade are discouraged. RENOVATION GUIDELINES Secretary of the Interior's Guidelines Relocation [3istoric Period of [tenovation Additions Foundations Siding Windows Doors Roofs Enlmnces Cmtopies Archi[ectmal Ornament Equipment Seaetary of the Interior's Guidelines Basic guidelines for renovation of historic structures bave been established by the Urited States Secretary of the interiols "Standards for Rehabilitation'. These guidelines are used tluoughout the Country. She following are Secretary of the Intecioi s Guideltnes. They should be used as a basis for determining the compatibility of renovation work. • [very reasonable effort shall be made to provide a compatible use for a property which requa umal alteration of the building, structure, or siteand its enviromnent, or to use a property for its originally intended purpose. • The distinguishing original qualities or character of a huihding, structure, or site and its tit shall not be destroyed. The removal or alteration of any historical material or distinctive ardutecmral features should be avoided when possible. • All buildings, structures, and sites shall be recognized as products of their Alterations that have no historical basis and which seek to create and earlier appearanm shall be discouraged. • Changes which may have taken place in Ne course of time are evidence of the hi-ly and development of a building, structure, or site and its enviromnent. These changes may have acquired significance in their own right, and this significance shall be recognized and re- spected. • Distinctive stylistic features or examples of skilled craftssanship which characterize a building, s dire, or sire shall be treated with sensitivity. • Deteriorated arcitectural features shall be repaired rather than rewer placed, hever possible. In the event replacement is necessary, the new material shoud match - material being replaced in composition, design, color, rex lure, and other visual qualities. Repair or replacement of missing axditel—I features should be based on necurate duplications of features, substantiated by historic physical, or pictorial evidence rather than on , o n j e c - tucal designs ox the availability of different architectural elements from other buildings or • The surface Bearing o£ structures shall be undertaken with the gentlest means possible. Sandblasting and other cleaning methods that c.Wd damage the historic building materials shall be discouraged. • Every reasonable effort shall be made to protect and preserve arrlreological resources af- fected by, or adjacent to any project. • Contemporary design for opera lions and additions to existing properties shall n be discouraged when suet, alterations and additions do not destroy historicalf architectural or cubical materials, and such design is comps tilt with the size, scale, color, material. and character of the property, neighborhood or immediate envirorunent. • Contemporary design for new construction shall not be discouraged when such new con- struction is compatible with the si tale, color, material, ad rluracter of the property, neighborhood or immediate environment • Wherever possible, new additions or alterations be structures stall be done in such a manner Nat J such additio r alter to be c oved in Ne future, the essential form and mtegcity of the stc .lure would be unimpaired. Relocation Relocation refers to Ne relocation or moving of an existing building from its original site to a new locadon on Ne same site or a new site. Generally, buildings should be left in their orig'uul location on Ne site which they were cted. The relocation of a building can disrupt not oNy the historic character of the building but the immediate area as well. Relocation is discouraged, unless the building is threatened N its origheil location or renovatlon and continued use is prohibited by its moon[ e—i—. H relocation is necessary, every effort should be made to keep the building on or near its origuul site. The new location sh.Wd not change the context m which Ne building originally seed. The original building orientation W the points of a compass, the adjacent street or streets and the sruroundbig buildings should be maintained hi Ne new locadon. Historic Period of Renovation Historic buildings axe usually not exactly as originally constructed but are products of of Ne fiat co and late modificatwhich represensevera t l periods N batory.These later modifcati— may have as muchoc more historical and architet—tl value as the origi- nal co traction. Retua g the building to original construction is mmly the goal of vConsequently, oeof be fie. der any historic ren -ti- is what rio pedutt the buildings history srenova the b n goinguse as to its model. o C—fie] and thorough research should be done to determine the various configurations of Ne building duoagh history and when specJic changes were made. Uased on fl»s research, the important historic and acclvtec-A period can be determined and considering Ne and cequ"vements, e logical decision can be made as to wbieli c,efig—be. or historical period Ne building will be "mstoreT. Once the sp,dfi, period or model is selected, t should be consistently used as a guide it making individual renovation decisions. The mixing of parts of various periods should be avoided. The additi. to the FtIh House sM1ovm above are mmpatlble in maf er�als and mns W ction bu[ f he design overwhelms and obscures- M1istoricstructure. Additions Additions to historic structures should be compatible b, design and construction with the original structure. They should fit in and look as though they could have originally existed. This does not mean that an addition must exactly copy the origi al, but should compliment it. The original structure should not be overwhelmed or d,—Wd by the addition Signifi- cant original features of the structure shoud not be hidden oc obscured. The typical historic building was cons—d of structural wood framing supported off Ne ground on soruy piers. The piers of the earlies in Longwood w cted If brick. By the — of the century, concrete block became fhe predominant pie material. Most of the historic buildings in the Dishict ace supported on concrete block piers. Typically, whether constructed of brick oc concrete block, the piers were left unpainted and the space between the piers was enclosed with wood lattice. If originally unpainted, the piers should is uniinished and the pa tt— of the wood lattice shoud match the pattern of other architectural ornament of the building. fn the 19M, structural concrete Floors resting directly on the ground came into use. Tfvs type of ., It id I. c— inty known as "slab on grade", was first used in commercial corsstnic- bon. It did not come into wide spread use W residential corenvction rmtit the 195os. Additions to existing buildings should maintain the original type of foundation w the ne F4storic residential hooding origieully corrswcial with wood siding should not be coverd with The Henck-TfNcer building wus origwlly eoeu'wR 1o(the same brick as shown paintetl on the portion o(Ue building!o tFe left, but lacer renovations atltlM tlte'viappropriatestucco brick to the portion of the building to the right 40 Siding Almost all buildings m the District, coastruckd with a structural wood frame were originally eyed with wood siding. The earliest type of wood siding was vertical board and batten. Later, the more Victorian Style buildings had a combination of wood shingle siding and horizontal wood siding. After the nun of the century horizontal wood siding was tie com- mon material. OWy a few structural wood frame buildings were originally covered in stucco. Repair or replacement of wood siding shoud matdr the size, shape and pattern of the original siding. Historic buildings origirtilly covered with wood shoud not be coveredm stucco. The e of vinyl or aluminum siding is strongly discouraged because it seldom matches the origi- nal wood — and shape. The installation usually requires destruction of original arclutec- ral o ent and it frequently causes deterioration of the wood structure, due to moisture There are a few historic buildings in dre District which were constructed with masonry bear- ing walls, —quently thew buildings have brick or concmte block "siding'. These masonry buildings have all been painted. Concrete block buildings were historically painted and should re o fur oisture protecti— The Hendc-Tinker Building located at 101 SouN C R. 4V is a brick building wluch bas been painted. If the paint is 0 be removed, the gentlest ns pouible shoud be used. Sand blasting or high pressure washing shoud not be em- ployed to remove the paint. A chemical stepper compatible with the bride and mortar and a low pressure wash should be used. It was typical for masonry buildings w leave the masomy exposed, or uncovered except by paint The use of stucco, wood or oNer siding materials on maso�uy buidings has no tustori cal precedent ut the District Siding materials should not be applied to --b,y strvctures. the two over two double hung wood willow shown above is typcal on the pmt90D buildings. The oneover onedouble hung wood wiiNow.showntothe right is typical of the buildings built between 1900 and 1420. Thealuminum window shown to the left is'vu�ppropnate in the reidential area of the District. 42 Windows The type, r angemli,,and --tin of windowI, a building b, of the m mportant elements cotnhibodng to its character. The earliest buildings in the District had ooden double hwg two over two windows. After the taco of the century the predominant type of window was the wooden double hwg one over one. S the 19- —d-light wooden double hung windows, such as six over six, became popular. Metal windows came into use in the 19201 th commerrlal construction but not rmhl the 1940s in residential construction. Since the window type is important in establishing and diebd-g the history of a building, it shoWd not be changed from the original. The original windows in a historic structure should not be changed but maintained, repaired if required or, if necessary, replaced with windows matching the orighwL Wooden windows should not be replaced with metal windows. Windows should be glazed with glass matching the original as much as possible. In the case ,f an addition to a historic structure, the windows should be of a compadble, but ly iden cal, type. Of se ondary impor is the a angem t. Window _ allyeari as anged th a balanced log cal pact reflecting the n the interior of the building. Odd or unbalanced window patterns sh.Wd be avoided. Although important, the nze and construction are less important than the type or a angement of the windows. Doors Although no nrimportant as windows, doors also help establish the tiara If a building.'Ihetypi it doo n the historic buildings b; cted of wood, usually with a simple glass panel in the upper half and wood panels in the lower half. The type, s and location of a building's doors H of more importance that its construction. However, wooden doors should not be repaced with metal doors. bt a historic door must be replaced, the w door should match, the design and co of the original. Doors shoWd be gla ed with glass matching the orgiml as much a, possible amx The type and shape of a buidings roof is probably the most important element in establishing its character. The roofing material or the material covering the roof is also important The earliest roof g material in the District was wood shingles. Shingles are sawn from larger pier s If wood, where ,shakes are b—by hand The stthv l nt ..gh ess and have a relatively smooth urufog surface. Shakes vary in thickness and have a rough texture. }rom the earliest days of Longwood, saw mJls were located in the area and shingles were readily available and more commonly used than shakes. f the first decade of this century metal roof g became readily available. 0ecause wood .fin, was susceptible to catching fire from sparks from the chimneys, most wood roofs were Ilse enelos 0t (mat p— vrith aluminum wv .— f-0.-sins obu —the origiwldeign andi i ppropdate. The entlosure of - front porch with wood framed e,w glass of va —a to rtatdt theorigiral opevngr=ptiments-ongi ldeign and anappmpdaleen<l— replaced or covered with metal by 1920. In the 1990s asbestos shingles became popWar and by 1950 the most common roofing was asphalt shingles. The type and shape of a building's roof sh,Wd not be changed. Addidons to historic buildings should match the type and shape of the original roof. 'Ilre roofing material of a building imparts a characteristic texture and pattern to a roof. }Estoric buildings sh,Wd be reroofed in the original roofing material. Entrances The entrance of a building is usually the focal point of its hoot facade, The ent — indudes the elements surrounding a door and usually a porch on residendal stmctwes. The porch is e of the most prominent and important elements of a house. Its design and architectural ornament usually are of primary importance in establishing a building's drara<ter. The o ginal design of a historic bulding's entranm shoud not be modified. If porches are endosed, the ongi design sh.Wd be maintained and the endosure of the porch shoud as onspicuous as possible. The various elements and ardu[ec[urat ornament shoud be —rind. Canopies Canopies were common on--commerdal structures. Providing shdter horn dae sun and rain, they invited potential customers to linger under then cover and window shop. Canopies are one of the most apparent disfinctions behveen residential and commercial structures. Origutally canopies were usually constructed of wood and covered in sheet metal. They were ualfy pended from the facade of i building. The ohgtr l design and construction ,f ssusnopies should be maintained, or J previously replaced, they ,houd be returned to the original design. Modem aluminum, canvas and mansard roofs are discouraged and if pre viously applied, they shoud be replaced when possible. Arch itectura I Om,iment Architectural ornament is one of the key elements in determining the style of a building and stablishing its charr. Residen es built in the Vid Style w often decorated with ood o eni. Thetbradlee-McIntyre If.— located [n 130 Wes[ War en Avenue and the Clouser House located a 211 West Warren Avenue are excellent examples of highly orna- mented buildings from th's period, Original ornament ,houd be retained or, if missing, replaced with ornament matchng the original design. Careful research of old photographs and physical evidence on the building re the best means to determine the design and placement of original ornament Ornament not orig'vaI to the building should not be added. The addition of inappropriate ornament The equipment o(Ue[nngw H-1 i w01 hidden b Jiind an appropriate wo lame, fence. coN "$ the public and diminishes the authenticity of the historic structure. If i building has little or no architectural omament it should remain urud.—d. The lack of or —t is an important part of the building's history and character. tvlany of the buildings in the — he District honsimple vecnacWac sbuchues which were straight forward W their design and construc- The addition of inappmpriete omament will only diminish tfreir simple character. Coto, Color can be the result of the original material o, and applied material su h as paint. Color resulting from the o,igiral material should not be changed. The selection of the color of an applied material should be based on carefW and thorough ,esea,ch of hi,—ical documents and physical samples taken from the structure. Original colors were usually determined by the p, ,-, style of the building. Buildings cted m Ne Victofian Period were usually painted m thvee to five dark rid, colors. e,mgalows, particularity m the Craftsman Style, were usually painted in two oc three earth colors. Classical Revival 5tyle buildings were usually painted white with one oc two dark colors. 'fhe color of i building --fly changed tluough time depending on the fashion of the period. A building conshucted befo,e - tum of - —Wq and d,-By painted N Victorian Sryle colors frequently was painted white during the 1920, The colors selected for the renovation of i historic building should be based on actual historic colors of the building or typical colors for the bistoncal period selected fo, restoration. Equipment includes heating and air conditioning urns, 0--I, telephone and cable tele- vision service, u,igati n control boxes and valves, and other simil,, devises. These necessities of modem life have little or no historical precedent. Consegi,way, they can easily become an intrusive and da—b,,g element in a Iusto,ic renovation, diminishing the authentic character of the building. Modem equipment installed m historic buildings should be concealed from view as much as possible.'(he primary goal shoud be to locate the equipment so that it cam,ot be seen When this is not possible, the eg,iip—t should be screened from view. DESIGN REVIEW Design Review Process New Construction Check List Renovation Check List Design Review Process The design and related re w pro of a proposed n -- o vation of a ing et .tint, is a se rot oppor and compete r The specific oppor ' ' ' tuttities vailable and compcomises required foc good building design am directly related to the site and its rela srucoundmgs- Each building site has a tmique tionship to Me District. Certain elements of the guidelines re Important Man others for a specific site and should be given more weight or impor- mo Buildings on sites at the intersection of streets have a special opp—ity to end oc anchor Me block and to loin the corner linking Me buildings on the adjacent streets" —ding, located on sites in the middle of Me block need to pay spedal attention the neighboring buildings on either side and should bake care - the relate to and compliment them" The elements which ace discussed In these guidelines define the Important characteristics of the historic buildings in the Distnet. These buildings together, establish a character for the Dist swhole_ It is Me District character wWdn ts'mportant not the strict adherence to each'andevery element discussed in these guidelines. Stri t adhere to these guidelines of the in s it di sW ble. There ace exceptio every, ruten The intent is to provide lb- basis from which to judge potential new development redevelopment and to aid in its design. These guidelines should not be seen as a set of rotes which must be followed absolutely, but a list of elements which should be considered" To aid in the evalua n of a proposed design, a Iist of Me elements of these guidelines for new and run included on the following pages Fallowing each element is the c tegory of conform ng I. nonc.Nor mg. Conformance to the recommendab— of these guidelines should be Ittitially evaluated on an individual element by element basis. Pinal evaluation If Me design depends on the relative importance of each element This must be determined by careful analysis of the site, consid" ring its specific location within the District Therefore, final evaluation should cortsidec both the individual elements and there relative importance as a whole "I he property owner or prospective developer should incorporate the elements of Mese guide- 1 o Melr ndal design wrssideratioas and contact the Historic Commission It, a pre liminary reviewof the proposed project as soon as possible. Early contact between the Com- and the property owner can lead to innovafive design alternatives which will be both feasible and respond to Me unique character of the Histone District. NEW CONSTRUCTION CHECK LIST SITE DESIGN GUIDELINE ELEMENTS Conforming Nonconforming Orientation ❑ ❑ Setbacks ❑ ❑ S,,mg ❑ ❑ c—erzge ❑ ❑ Parking ❑ ❑ Streets ❑ ❑ Signs ❑ ❑ Lighting ❑ ❑ Open Space ❑ ❑ Fences ❑ ❑ Landscaping ❑ ❑ BUILDING DESIGN GUIDELINE ELEMENTS Scale ❑ ❑ Height ❑ ❑ Mzss ❑ ❑ Proportions Of Facade ❑ ❑ Proportions Of Openings In F—du ❑ ❑ Rhythm Of Solids To Voids In Facades ❑ ❑ Rhythm Of Buildings On Street ❑ ❑ Rhythm Of Entrances ❑ ❑ Rhyttun Of Unopies ❑ ❑ Relationship Of Materials ❑ ❑ Relationship Of Texture ❑ ❑ Relationship Of Color ❑ ❑ Relationship Of Roof Sl pes ❑ ❑ Directional Expression Of Front Elev h— ❑ ❑ DetziWDecorauon 0 ❑ RENOVATION CHECK LIST Conforming Nonconforming Secretary of the Interior's Guidelines ❑ ❑ Relocation ❑ ❑ Historic Period of Renovation ❑ ❑ Additions ❑ ❑ Foundations ❑ ❑ Siding ❑ ❑ Windows �❑ ❑ Doors ❑ ❑ Roofs ❑ ❑ Entrances ❑ ❑ Canopies ❑ ❑ Arrlvtectural Omamen[ ❑ ❑ Equipment ❑ ❑